POST QuiZzz - HORMONE RECEPTOR

HORMONE RECEPTOR

i. IDENTIFICATION:

1. Hormone receptor is a protein on the surface of the cell that binds with ____________.

2. Hormone receptor is the _________ of the biophysical sign.

3. It prompts the activation or inhibition of genes.

4-5. Two types of hormone receptors:

6. These are often transmembrane proteins ________.

7. What is the active form of Vitamin D? __________.

8.-10. Give three receptors included in the Steroid Hormone Receptor:
____________
____________
____________

ii. CASE / ESSAY: (10 points)

Discuss briefly but concisely the main mechanism or process of a Hormone Receptor.

(E.g. It is used for releasing hormones needed by the body.)

HORMONE RECEPTOR

A hormone receptor is a receptor protein on the facade of a cell that binds to a definite hormone. The hormone grounds various changes to take place in the cell. Binding of hormones to hormone receptors frequently generate the start of a biophysical sign that can direct to supplementary signal transduction pathways, or prompt the activation or inhibition of genes.

There are two types of Hormone Receptors:

◘ Steroid hormone receptors and associated receptors are normally soluble proteins that function during gene activation. Their response elements are DNA sequences that are bound by the multipart of the steroid bound to its receptor. The receptors themselves are zinc-finger proteins. These receptors include those for glucocorticoids, androgens, estrogen, thyroid hormone (T3), the active form of vitamin D which is the calcitriol, and the retinoids.

◘ Peptide hormone receptors are often transmembrane proteins. They are as well termed as sensory receptor, G-protein-coupled receptors, or ionotropic receptors. These receptors commonly function via intracellular second messengers, together with cyclic AMP, the calcium (Ca²⁺)-calmodulin system and the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3).

REFERENCE/s:
Principles of Human Anatomy and Physiology by G. Tortora
http://www.bio-balance.com/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormone_receptor

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Reproductive System ☺

ANSWERS to GUIDE QUESTIONS

1. LH is also known as:

Lutropin

2. Where is LH produced?

Anterior Pituitary Gland

3. Transcribe ICSH.

Interstitial Cell Stimulating Hormone

4. It acts in a negative feedback manner to suppress secretion of LH by the anterior pituitary gonadotrophs and to suppress secretion of GnRH by the hypothalamic neurosecretory cells.

Testosterone

5. It is triggered when there is an acute rise of LH for female.

Ovulation

6-7. Enumerate two interferring factors.

Either of these:
• Recently administered radioisotopes.
• Hemolysis of blood sample.
• Estrogen or oral contraceptives, testosterone.
• Several drugs affect test outcome.
• Pregnancy.


8. Give one abnormal finding for male.

Either:
• Low plasma LH values may indicate secondary gonadal dysfunction (of hypothalamic or pituitary origin).
• High values may indicate testicular failure (primary hypogonadism) or destruction.
• Congenital abscence of testes.

9. Give one abnormal finding for female.

Either:
• Absence of a mid-cycle peak in plasma LH levels may indicate anovulation.
• Decreased or low-normal plasma may indicate hypogonadism.
• High plasma LH levels may indicate congenital absence of ovaries.
• Ovarian failure associated with Stein-Leventhal syndrome.
• Ovarian dysgenesis.
• Menopause or early stage acromegaly

10. Reference value for Female (follicular).
1.37 to 9.9 mIU/L

II. CASES:(5 points each)

11-15.

A 9 year old girl named Lhalha went to the doctor with her mom a few days ago. They were wondering why at her young age, acne has started to appear on her face, neck, and even on her back. And they also noticed some unwanted excess hair growing on her body(e.g. in the face, in the arms and legs, etc.)

What is the probable reason/disease for Lhalha's case? Are the symptoms normal for her age? What are the treatments to be considered?

Disease: POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME.

The signs that Lhalha had been encountering are not normal at her age. Listed below are some treatments for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome:

•Lowering the levels of insulin by diet or medications.
•Treatment of fertility.
•Treatment of hirsutism and/or acne.
•Restoration of the regular menstruation.

16-20.

Kimo was happily married with her wife Shimie. But as time went by, their life had gone into something they have not expected.

Everytime they were having intercourse, Kimo didn't ejaculate. It even came to a point wherein Shimie really got mad because of Kimo's attitude toward their sex life. Kimo had apparently lost his libido.

What are the probable diseases or conditions associated with the above-mentioned symptoms? Justify your answer.

Disease: HYPOPITUITARISM.

The deficiency of anterior pituitary hormones are more common than the individual hormone deficiency. In this case, Kimo has deficiency in the LH, thus, he experienced the symptoms.